
In Working Papers
Summaries
- Executive summary
- Brookings Brown Center Chalkboard: Fixing Child Care: What Expanded Public Subsidies Could Mean for Children, Families, and Teachers
- Early Learning Nation: Economists Find Investing in Child Care Will Dramatically Reduce Costs, Increase Mother's Employment, and Increase Quality Care
- Axios: Child care subsidies would send 1.2 million women into the workforce, new paper finds
- Bloomberg: Biden's US Child-Care Aide Would Super-Charge Mom's Employment, Study Says
- Huffington Post: The Child Care Crisis Needs a Lot More Attention Than It's Getting
- New York Times: Jobs Aplenty, but a Shortage of Care Keeps Many Women from Benefiting
- Washington Post: How to fix the U.S. labor shortage? Provide decent child care
Topics Child Care Market, Early Childhood
Davis, E., W. Lee & A. Sojourner (2019) Family-Centered Measures of Access to Early Care & Education. Early Childhood Research Quarterly. 47: 472-486.
In Published Papers
Working Papers Summaries
- ChildCareAccess.org: maps and reports on families’ child care access in every Minnesota neighborhood.
- Won Lee won University of Minnesota U-Spatial 2019 prize for best use of maps by graduate student.
- U.S. Treasury Department: The Economics of Child Care Supply in the United States
- UMinnesota: New University of Minnesota tool reveals child care access challenges across the state
- Minnesota Daily: UMN researchers create a child care access tool
- New Ulm Journal: UM tool shows child care access challenges
- Hutchinson Leader: Litchfield child care access below state average, report says
- Aitkin Independent Age: Revealing local child care access challenges
- SouthernMinn.com: Number of reasons for child care shortage, no easy answers
- Pine County Journal: Mapping tool provides insight into child care needs & How the child care shortfall affects Carlton County and what officials are doing to address it
Topics Child Care Market, Early Childhood
Borowsky, J., E. Davis, and A. Sojourner. How Far Will They Go? Consumer Choice in Subsidized Early Care and Education
In Works in Progress
Press Mentions
- U.S. Treasury Department: The Economics of Child Care Supply in the United States
Topics Child Care Market, Early Childhood
Lee, W. F., J. Borowsky, E. Davis, & A. Sojourner. Impacts of Early Childhood Care Subsidy Designs on the Care Services Market
In Works in Progress
Topics Child Care Market, Early Childhood
Hamilton Project, Increasing Federal Investment in Children's Early Care and Education to Raise Quality, Access, and Affordability (with Liz Davis)
Press Mentions
- New York Times: How Other Nations Pay for Child Care. The U.S. Is an Outlier.
- U.S. Treasury Department: The Economics of Child Care Supply in the United States
- Washington Post: How to fix the U.S. labor shortage? Provide decent child care
- Fatherly: New data confirms American parents are on their own when it comes to child care
- Radically Pragmatic, Progressive Policy Institute: video + podcast
- Child's Path: Can investing in early childhood education beat stock market returns?
- News-Register, Yamill County, Oregon: Rutledge: Short-sighted U.S. failing its children
- Deseret News: Could child care help open the economy and why is its funding such a contentious topic?
- Minnesota Reformer: Minnesota researchers craft proposal to improve child care access
- Newsbreak: Why the U.S. Is One of the Worst Developed Countries to Raise A Child In
Topics Child Care Market, Early Childhood
LERA Perspectives, Increasing federal investments in early childhood care and education
Topics Child Care Market, Early Childhood
Flood, S., J. McMurray, A. Sojourner, & M. Wiswall (2022) Inequality in Early Care Experienced by U.S. Children. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 36(2): 199-222
In Published Papers
Working Papers Press Mentions
- American Economics Association Research Highlights: Childcare and Inequality
- New York Times: How Other Nations Pay for Child Care. The U.S. Is an Outlier.
- Small Talks
Topics Child Care Market, Early Childhood
Center for American Progress: The Coronavirus Will Make Child Care Deserts Worse and Exacerbate Inequality
Summaries
childcaredeserts.org: interactive map illustrating families' child care access in every U.S. community
Press Mentions- U.S. Congress Joint Economic Committee: We need to save child care before it's too late
- Washington Post: Middle-income and rural families disproportionately grapple with child-care deserts, new report shows
- Duluth News-Tribune: University of Minnesota child care research finds urban-rural divide, including in Northland
Topics Child Care Market, Early Childhood
Transforming the Financing of Early Care and Education in Minnesota (2021)
Topics Child Care Market, Early Childhood

Aaron Sojourner
Senior Researcher
W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research
269-385-0438
sojourner@upjohn.org
Senior Researcher
W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research
269-385-0438
sojourner@upjohn.org